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Verzenios ® (abemaciclib)
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What is Verzenios® (abemaciclib) effect on serum creatinine?
Abemaciclib causes a reversible increase in serum creatinine without decreasing renal function.
Effect on Serum Creatinine
Abemaciclib inhibits renal tubular secretion transporters. This increases serum creatinine without affecting the glomerular function.1,2
In the MONARCH 1, MONARCH 2, and MONARCH 3 trials, increased serum creatinine was the most common laboratory abnormality reported with 98%, 97%, and 96% of patients, respectively.3-5
A mean increase of 0.2-0.3 mg/dL
In healthy subjects, the maximum creatinine increased 20% to 35% over baseline after about 24 hours post-dose and then returned to baseline at about 336 hours (14 days) post-dose.1
Alternative Tests to Measure Renal Function
Other measures of renal function (such as blood urea nitrogen, cystatin C, or calculated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin C) should be used as an alternative to either serum creatinine or creatinine-based calculated estimates of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) if
- serum creatinine rise is progressive after the first cycle
- there are other indications of renal injury (eg, proteinuria, etc.), or
- a patient has a need for precise GFR assessment (such as concomitant medications that effect kidney function).6-8
Creatinine may not be an accurate method to assess renal function in these patients.6-9
Serum or plasma cystatin C measurement is an automated test that is readily available and does not require special processing or handling of the blood sample.10
Cystatin C is a small protein that is produced by all nucleated cells and found in body fluids, including serum. It is formed at a constant rate and due to its small size is freely filtered by the glomeruli. Cystatin C is not secreted and is fully reabsorbed and broken down by the renal tubules.11 Cystatin C has been consistently found to have a higher correlation with standard measures of GFR when compared with creatinine.12
References
1Data on file, Eli Lilly and Company and/or one of its subsidiaries.
2Tolaney S, Lam AQ, Mukundan S, et al. Analysis of renal function in MONARCH 1: A phase 2 study of abemaciclib, a CDK4 & 6 inhibitor, as monotherapy, in patients with HR+/HER2- breast cancer, after chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Cancer Res. 2017;77(4 suppl):P6-15-01. American Association for Cancer Research abstract P6-15-01. http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/77/4_Supplement/P6-15-01
3Dickler MN, Tolaney SM, Rugo HS, et al. MONARCH 1, a phase II study of abemaciclib, a CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitor, as a single agent, in patients with refractory HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2017;23(17):5218-5224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-0754
4Sledge GW Jr, Toi M, Neven P, et al. MONARCH 2: abemaciclib in combination with fulvestrant in women with HR+/HER2− advanced breast cancer who had progressed while receiving endocrine therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(25):2875-2884. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2017.73.7585
5Goetz MP, Toi M, Campone M, et al. MONARCH 3: abemaciclib as initial therapy for advanced breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(32):3638-3646. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.75.6155
6Rugo HS, Huober J, Garcia-Saenz JA, et al. Management of abemaciclib-associated adverse events in patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer: safety analysis of MONARCH 2 and MONARCH 3. Oncologist. 2021;26(1):e53-e65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/onco.13531
7Milburn J, Jones R, Levy JB. Renal effects of novel antiretroviral drugs. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2017;32(3):434-439. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfw064
8Shlipak MG, Matsushita K, Ärnlöv J, et al. Cystatin C versus creatinine in determining risk based on kidney function. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(10):932-943. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1214234
9Chappell JC, Turner PK, Pak YA, et al. Abemaciclib inhibits renal tubular secretion without changing glomerular filtration rate. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2019;105(5):1187-1195. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1296
10Shlipak MG, Mattes MD, Peralta CA. Update on cystatin C: incorporation into clinical practice. Am J Kidney Dis. 2013;62(3):595-603. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.03.027
11Chew JSC, Saleem M, Florkowski CM, George PM. Cystatin C – a paradigm of evidence based laboratory medicine. Clin Biochem Rev. 2008;29(2):47-62. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2533150/
12Inker LA, Schmid CH, Tighiouart H, et al. Estimating glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine and cystatin C. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(1):20-29. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1114248
Date of Last Review: 02 November 2021